Vulvar Cancer: Common Signs You Need to Pay Attention To

Persistent Itching

One of the earliest and most common signs of vulvar cancer is persistent itching in the vulvar region. This itching is often more intense and prolonged than the typical irritation women might experience from everyday factors such as shaving, infections, or hygiene products. Unlike these common irritants, the itching associated with vulvar cancer does not resolve with regular treatments like over-the-counter creams or lifestyle changes. This persistent discomfort can be a warning that something more serious is occurring beneath the surface, signaling the potential presence of abnormal cells or early-stage cancer.

Changes in Skin Color or Texture

Changes in the appearance of the skin on the vulva are another potential indicator of vulvar cancer. These changes may manifest as areas of skin that become lighter or darker than the surrounding tissue. The texture of the skin can also change, with some areas appearing thicker, rougher, or more bumpy than normal. These alterations in the skin's appearance may go unnoticed at first, especially if they are subtle or occur gradually. However, over time, they can become more pronounced and harder to ignore.

Pain or Burning Sensation

Pain or a burning sensation in the vulvar region can also be an early sign of vulvar cancer. Some women report discomfort when urinating or during sexual intercourse, which may initially be attributed to other causes, such as infections or irritation. However, when this pain becomes persistent or severe, it should not be ignored. The discomfort may range from mild to intense, and it may worsen over time as the condition progresses.

Unusual Bleeding

One of the more alarming symptoms of vulvar cancer is unusual vaginal bleeding. This symptom is particularly concerning when it occurs after menopause, as postmenopausal bleeding is generally considered abnormal. However, even women who have not yet reached menopause may experience irregular bleeding outside of their typical menstrual cycle, which can be another red flag.

Open Sores or Ulcers

Another potential sign of vulvar cancer is the appearance of open sores or ulcers on the vulva. These sores may look like small, shallow lesions or deeper, larger ulcers. In some cases, they may resemble warts or other benign growths, making it difficult to distinguish them from less serious conditions. However, unlike typical sores or warts, these lesions do not heal over time and may persist or worsen despite treatment.

How Early Detection and Treatment Help

Like most cancers, vulvar cancer is more treatable when caught early. Women who recognize any of the above symptoms—persistent itching, changes in skin color or texture, pain, unusual bleeding, or open sores—should not delay seeking medical advice. While many of these symptoms can be caused by less serious conditions, it is essential to rule out cancer through proper evaluation and testing. A doctor may perform a physical examination, request imaging tests, or recommend a biopsy to confirm a diagnosis.

What to Remember

Vulvar cancer is a rare but serious condition that requires early detection for the best possible outcomes. Key symptoms such as persistent itching, changes in skin color or texture, pain, unusual bleeding, and open sores should prompt a medical evaluation to rule out cancer. By recognizing these warning signs and seeking timely treatment, women can increase their chances of successful recovery and maintain a higher quality of life. If you or someone you know is experiencing any of these symptoms, consult a healthcare professional to ensure proper diagnosis and care.